Diwali in India

Diwali, the festival of lights, is one of the most celebrated festivals in India, marked by a wide array of vibrant customs and traditions. Here’s a glimpse into how Diwali is celebrated across India:

Cleaning and Decorating the Home

• People start preparing days in advance by thoroughly cleaning, renovating, and decorating their homes. It’s believed that a clean and well-lit home invites the goddess Lakshmi, the deity of wealth and prosperity.
• Homes are adorned with colorful rangoli (artistic designs made with colored powders or flower petals) at the entrance, and beautiful torans (decorative garlands) are hung on doors.

Lighting Lamps and Candles

• Diwali is also called the “Festival of Lights.” People light up their homes with diyas (oil lamps), candles, and fairy lights, symbolizing the triumph of light over darkness and good over evil.

Worship (Puja) of Deities

• Lakshmi Puja is central to Diwali celebrations. Families gather to pray to Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha, seeking blessings for wealth, prosperity, and happiness.
• After the puja, it’s common to distribute offerings as prasad (food blessed in the ritual) among family and friends.

Divali a Festival of Light

Festival of Light for Hindus is celebrated primarily by offering light for prosperity. Based on the language, it is called Divali, Deepawali, Tihar or Deepavali but moreover it is the celebration
and players with fireworks and feast. This is how this festival is celebrated in the different parts of the world.

Diwali is celebrated widely across South Asia and in many parts of the world where Indian and South Asian communities reside. Here are some of the main places where Diwali is celebrated:

India

• As the country where Diwali originated, India celebrates it extensively across all states, although customs and traditions may vary regionally. Diwali is a major public holiday, with vibrant festivities, family gatherings, and community events.

Nepal

• Known as Tihar in Nepal, Diwali celebrations are unique, honoring not only lights and prosperity but also animals like crows, dogs, and cows. Nepalese people perform special rituals over five days, with each day dedicated to specific animals, gods, or familial bonds.

Sri Lanka

• Diwali, or Deepavali as it's known in Sri Lanka, is primarily celebrated by the Tamil Hindu community, especially in the Northern and Eastern provinces. The celebrations include lighting oil lamps, fireworks, feasts, and prayers.

कति समय भयो?

कति समय भयो? राम्रो प्रश्न। मलाई मेरो जन्म मिति जाँच्न दिनुहोस्। ओहो, हो। म १८  वर्षको भएछु, २००७ मा जन्मिएको। म जेन जी हुँ। ओह, म त जन्मेदेखि नै जेन जी थिएँ। मैले सधैं भ्रष्टाचारको विरुद्धमा बोलेको छु। मैले सधैं जनताको लागि बोलेको छु। म अझै पनि जनता को लागि बोल्छु। शिशुको रूपमा, किशोरको रूपमा, टीनएजरको रूपमा, मैले जनताको लागि बोलेको छु। परिपक्को भए पछि पनि , म सधैं जनताको लागि बोल्नेछु। ती जनताहरू जो निष्पक्ष अवसर चाहन्छन्, जो भविष्यको लागि कडा मेहनत गरिरहेका छन्। म चाहन्छु कि उनीहरूले आफ्नो भविष्य देखून्। म चाहन्न कि कसैको भविष्य खोसियोस्।

मानिसहरूले ममाथि मजाक गरे। मानिसहरूले मलाई धम्की दिए। तर मेरो दिशा बदलिएन। म निष्पक्ष विचार चाहन्छु। म निष्पक्ष अवसर चाहन्छु। जनताको लागि। सधैं वाचा हुन्छ। तर कहिल्यै पूरा हुँदैन। जनताहरू खाली हात हुन्छन्। तर म बिर्सिंदिन। म सबैलाई सम्झाउन चाहन्छु, जनताले पाएको वाचा, त्यो पूरा गर्नुपर्छ।

कसले पूरा गर्ने? देश? सरकार? दलहरू? धेरै प्रश्नहरू छन्। मलाई थाहा छैन यदि जवाफ छ कि छैन। पत्रकारहरूले जवाफ खोज्नुपर्छ। तर उनीहरूको दैनिक जागिर छ। व्यापारीको स्वामित्वमा भएर, उनीहरूले कसरी इमानदारीपूर्वक सेवा गर्न सक्छन्? त्यसैले, त्यहाँ एउटा ब्लग छ, जसले कसैलाई जवाफ दिँदैन, केवल जनतालाई। उनीहरू सही छन् तर उनीहरूलाई मारिन्छ, सताइन्छ, बन्द गरिन्छ। सत्य कहिल्यै हराउँदैन। यो अझै त्यहाँ छ, शायद विकसित भएर बसेको होला । ब्लगर भ्लगरमा परिवर्तन भएको हुन सक्छ। तर त्यहाँ केही मानिसहरू छन्, जो सोच्छन् कि हामीले निष्पक्ष विचार जनतासमक्ष पुर्‍याउनुपर्छ, जसको आत्मा बिक्री भएको छैन।

दौतरी २००७ ओक्तोबेर ७ मा यस्तै विचारका साथ जन्मिएको थियो र अझै पनि त्यही विचार बोकेको छ। दौतरीलाई जन्मदिनको शुभकामना र सबै पाठकहरू र सत्य विचार बोकेका जनताहरूलाई जन्मदिनको शुभकामना! जय दौतरी।

AIs and their limitations

 AI popularity and useage has been growing exponentially. There are 6 majors AIs and they have their own strengths and weaknesses. 

1. GPT-4.5 (OpenAI)

Exceptional broad knowledge, natural language processing, and creative content generation; integrates reasoning from o-series for complex tasks.

High cost for API usage; can produce hallucinations or biased outputs in niche scenarios.

2. Grok 3 (xAI)

Powerful reasoning and truth-seeking capabilities; trained on massive scale with Colossus supercomputer for accurate, insightful responses.

Limited multimodal features compared to competitors; access restricted to subscribers on certain platforms.

3. Gemini 2.5 Pro (Google)

Superior multimodal understanding (text, images, video); massive context window (over 1M tokens) for handling long documents and complex queries.

Slower response times in Deep Think mode; occasional inconsistencies in creative tasks.

4. Claude 4 (Anthropic)

Top-tier coding and technical writing; strong ethical alignment and natural language generation for collaborative development.

Lacks persistent memory across sessions; higher latency for very large-scale computations.

5. Llama 4 (Meta)

Highly customizable open-source model; efficient for on-device deployment and fine-tuning in specialized applications.

Requires significant computational resources for optimal performance; less out-of-the-box reasoning than closed models.

6. DeepSeek R1 

(DeepSeek AI)Outstanding cost-efficiency (up to 30x cheaper); excels in complex STEM reasoning and research tasks.

Primarily text-focused with limited multimodal support; potential language biases toward English/Chinese contexts.

GPT-4.5 (OpenAI) Broad consumer base, especially 18-34 year olds (53% of users); mid-career professionals (35-54, 33%); 56% male, 44% female; strong in US (77M MAU), India, Brazil; appeals to students, writers, and general users for everyday tasks.Creative writing, email drafting, education, entertainment; 700M+ weekly active users; integrated into apps and APIs for broad accessibility.

Grok 3 (xAI)Under 35s (51%); 60-67% male; X (Twitter) users, Elon Musk fans, young tech enthusiasts; integrated with Telegram's 10M premium users; appeals to researchers and casual conversationalists.Real-time news/trends via X, coding, research, image generation; 18.8M users, surging post-Grok 3 launch; popular for sentiment analysis in crypto trading.

Gemini 2.5 Pro (Google)25-34 year olds (30-31%); 58% male, 42% female; global reach via Google ecosystem (US 18%, India 9%); students, researchers, professionals using Workspace/Search.Research (40%), productivity/creativity (50%); 350-450M MAU; embedded in Android, YouTube, enterprise tools like Salesforce/Adobe.

Claude 4 (Anthropic)Developers/programmers (37% of tasks coding-related); 18-34 year olds (52-77% male); enterprises (300K+), educators, scientists; high adoption in tech firms like Rakuten.Coding (Claude Code: 115K devs, 195M lines/week), technical writing, education/science; $5B run-rate revenue; strong in ethical AI/enterprise workflows.

Llama 4 (Meta)AI developers/researchers, startups, open-source communities; integrated into Meta apps (3.4B+ MAU across platforms); appeals to indie devs and cost-conscious builders.Custom fine-tuning, on-device deployment, multimodal apps; no direct consumer MAU tracked, but powers Meta AI for billions via Facebook/Instagram/WhatsApp.

DeepSeek R1 (DeepSeek AI)Young users (18-34, 60-70%); 66% male; cost-sensitive developers, students in Asia/US; rapid growth post-launch.STEM reasoning, coding, research; 97M MAU, 57M+ downloads; popular for affordable API access in education/career development.

Ski Down from the top of Mount Everest!

 Andrzej Bargiel, became the first person to ski down from the summit of Mount Everest to base camp without supplemental oxygen. Andrzej Bargiel is a Polish ski mountaineer, born on April 18, 1988, in Łętownia, Poland. Renowned for his high-altitude skiing feats, he gained global recognition as the first person to ski down Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen on September 22, 2025. He reached the summit after a 16-hour climb in the "death zone" above 8,000 meters, where oxygen levels are critically low, then immediately began his descent on skis via the South Col route. Due to nightfall and heavy snow, he stopped at Camp II (around 6,400 meters) and continued the next morning through the Khumbu Icefall, guided partly by a drone flown by his brother Bartek, arriving safely at base camp.

This marked his third attempt at the feat and built on his earlier achievements, such as being the first to ski down K2 without oxygen in 2018. Previous ski descents from Everest, like Slovenian Davorin Karničar's in 2000, relied on bottled oxygen. While over 7,000 people have summited Everest, fewer than 200 have done so without oxygen, and none had skied down until Bargiel.

His notable achievements include:

• First ski descent of K2 (8,611 meters) without oxygen in 2018, a world record.
• First ski descent of Broad Peak (8,051 meters) in 2015.
• Record-breaking ascent and ski descent of Manaslu (8,163 meters) in 2014.
• Multiple ski descents in the Himalayas, including Yawash Sar II and Laila Peak.

Below are notable attempts and successes by others, with details on their use of oxygen or specific challenges:

• Davorin Karničar (Slovenia): In 2000, Karničar became the first person to complete a full ski descent from Everest’s summit to base camp. He skied the South Col route but used supplemental oxygen during his climb and descent, unlike Bargiel. His descent took about five hours and was a significant milestone in ski mountaineering.
• Yuichiro Miura (Japan): In 1970, Miura, a Japanese skier and adventurer, attempted a ski descent from the South Col (around 8,000 meters) as part of the "Everest Skiing Project." Using a parachute to control speed, he skied roughly 2,000 meters down the Lhotse Face but crashed and slid, stopping short of a crevasse. He used oxygen and did not start from the summit, so it wasn’t a complete descent.
• Hans Kammerlander (Italy): In 1996, Kammerlander, an experienced mountaineer, skied from approximately 8,600 meters (just below Everest’s summit) down the North Face. He used supplemental oxygen and did not complete the descent to base camp, stopping at advanced base camp due to conditions.
• Jimmy Chin, Kit DesLauriers, and Rob DesLauriers (USA): In 2006, this American trio skied from Everest’s summit down the South Col route. Kit DesLauriers became the first woman to ski from the summit. All three used supplemental oxygen during their climb and descent, and their effort was documented in the film The Ski Project. Their descent was successful but relied on oxygen support.
• Andrzej Bargiel’s earlier attempts: Bargiel himself tried skiing Everest without oxygen twice before his 2025 success. His first attempt in 2019 was aborted due to dangerous snow conditions and avalanche risks. A second attempt in a prior year (exact date unclear) was also abandoned due to poor weather and route conditions. These failures highlight the extreme difficulty of the feat, even for an elite skier like Bargiel.

Tell me about Nepal?

 Nepal, officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country located in South Asia. Here are some key points about Nepal:

1. Geography: Nepal is situated mainly in the Himalayas, bordered by China to the north and India to the east, south, and west. The country is known for its diverse geography, ranging from the lowland Terai plains to the highest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest.
   

2. Capital: The capital and largest city of Nepal is Kathmandu. It serves as the cultural, political, and economic center of the country.

3. Population and Language: Nepal has a diverse population of around 30 million people. Nepali is the official language, but there are several regional languages and ethnic groups that contribute to the country's cultural richness.